Honda Sabre V4
The Honda V4 Sabre was a motorcycle made by Honda from 1982 to 1985. It was one of a group of Japanese motorcycles known at the time as tariff-busters because of the modifications made to allow the bikes to circumvent the newly passed United States International Trade Commission tariff on foreign motorcycles 700cc and larger. [ 1 ]
Contents
V4 engine [ edit ]
The V45 Sabre was introduced in 1982. It shared its V4 engine design with the Magna and Interceptor. The engines in the Sabre and Magna were so similar to be almost completely interchangeable except for a few fuel and carburation-related differences.
The Interceptor engine was angled differently in the frame and had a chain drive instead of shaft, but shared the same 90-degree-V four-cylinder, DOHC configuration.
The V4 engine combined the high-revving power of an in-line four-cylinder with the narrow width of a v-twin. The 90-degree angle of the V also gave the engine perfect primary balance, [ citation needed ] which helped avoid the vibration problems that plagued many in-line four-cylinder motorcycle engines without the need of heavy solid rubber mounts.
In 1984 import tariffs were changed, causing the V45 engine to be modified. Honda reduced the displacement to 698 cc by destroking the motor from 48.6mm to 45.4mm, added a tooth on the clutch gear to compensate for a loss of torque and changed the model name to VF700S. The VF700S models continued for only one more year.
The 750cc V45 engine produced 82hp (61kW) for 1982 models. 86hp (64kW) for 1983–1985 models. 76hp (57kW) for 700 models. The 1,100cc V65 engine, which was introduced in 1983, produced 121hp (90kW).
Both were slightly detuned throughout the run of the first generation engine to cope with customs and EPA regulations. However, Honda reported the same horsepower figures throughout the whole generation even though the actual dyno-proven, detuned, figures showed up lower than advertised.
The engine’s downfall was premature camshaft wear in some early models in both the V45 and V65. [ citation needed ] In retrospect, the wear was caused by inadequate oil flow to the heads/cams, driving for a long time on low engine speeds (under 3,000rpm) and at cold start /engine warm-up procedure, non-accurate valve adjustment, and insufficient maintenance. But this came too late to save the engine’s reputation.
Honda itself at first denied there was a problem, then blamed inadequate or incorrect maintenance for the problem. They changed the maintenance interval, and developed and sold a special tool for ‘proper’ valve-lash adjustment. They eventually made changes to the design and production methods of the engine which eliminated the problem.
But it was too late. The first generation V4 was discredited, and the first V4 revolution failed. While Yamaha (the V-Max ) and Suzuki (the Madura ) had both responded to the Hondas with V4 engines of their own.
Eventually, Suzuki dropped the Madura, and the production of the Yamaha V-Max was continued for over 20 years.
Technology [ edit ]
V65 Sabre with Rifle fairing
The Sabres, especially the V45, were technology showcases for Honda. Not only did they feature revolutionary water-cooled, DOHC, 90-degree-V four-cylinder engines, but they also featured hydraulically actuated, one-way clutches. TRAC anti-dive front suspension, Pro-link rear suspensions, and electronic speedometers and tachometers.
The original V45 came with a fibre-optic anti-theft system, self-canceling turn signals, built-in lap timer, and an electronic instrument cluster that included an LCD gear indicator that doubled as an electrical fault display.
Many of these electronic features were dropped from later V45s, and the VF700, though most of the mechanical features remained.
Brethren [ edit ]
Honda introduced the V4 engine in three motorcycles, representing the three types of street bikes. The Interceptor was a sportbike, the Magna was a cruiser, and the Sabre a standard. Both the Interceptor and Magna continued in production for decades after the Sabre was discontinued.
Speed [ edit ]
In 1983, Cycle magazine reported that Jay Pee-Wee Gleason made a 10.92second, 124.82 miles per hour (200.88km/h) quarter-mile run with a V65 Magna, [ citation needed ] which was powered by the same engine as the V65 Sabre.
The V65 Magna appeared from 1986 to 1989 in the Guinness Book of World Records as the fastest production motorcycle with a design speed of 173 to 176 miles per hour (278 to 283km/h). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] During this period the production motorcycle with the fastest tested speed was the 151–158 miles per hour (243–254km/h) Kawasaki GPZ900R. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ]
According to Honda: the mighty V65 Sabre could launch from a standstill to 50 miles per hour in just 2.31 seconds! [ citation needed ]
V-twin Sabre [ edit ]
Honda resurrected the Sabre name for a model of their Shadow v-twin cruisers. Despite sharing a name, the v-twin Sabre has nothing in common with the V4 Sabre.
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